Jacqui Fatka, Policy editor

December 1, 2016

5 Min Read
Massachusetts votes on livestock care

THIRD-generation, family-run Diemand Farm raises chickens for eggs and meat, turkeys for Thanksgiving meals and a small herd of beef cattle in Massachusetts, but general manager Pete Diemand will be forced to make changes that may not have any welfare advantages.

In Massachusetts, voters decided in favor of Question 3 — an animal welfare ballot measure — by a margin of 78% to 22%, making Massachusetts the first state to ban confinement of farm animals and to restrict the sale in the state of animal products that come from these confinement practices. The end result likely will be decreased choices for consumers and businesses, agricultural groups said following the vote.

Ballot Question 3 will prohibit Massachusetts farms from confining breeding pigs, veal calves or egg-laying hens in cages that prevent the animals from lying down, standing up, fully extending their limbs or turning around. The ballot question also prohibits Massachusetts businesses from selling eggs or raw cuts of veal or pork produced from animals confined in this manner. The law will take effect Jan. 1, 2022.

Chad Gregory, president and chief executive officer of the United Egg Producers (UEP), said the outcome of this ballot question is "disappointing, as this measure will limit choice for consumers and businesses in Massachusetts and disregards the great work of farmers in caring for their animals each day."

Gregory pointed out that the allocation of 1.5 sq. ft. per hen written in the measure is inconsistent with most space allocations and far exceeds the guidelines for cage-free production set by UEP Certified, the American Humane Assn. and Certified Humane.

Diemand Farm is the only egg farm in Massachusetts affected by the ballot question approved in November. Diemand Farm currently houses 3,000 birds in cages its owners consider humane, but its barn would have to be refurbished to reduce that number to 500, and it will have to stop selling eggs wholesale once the ballot initiative goes into effect, according to a statement from the farm. Diemand said his cages give the birds 12-18 in. of space, which is plenty of space to turn around.

"Our cages fit the size that (the ballot initiative is) calling for, except where it says that the chickens must be able to 'fully spread both wings without touching the side of the enclosure.' Chickens do not spread their wings side to side like eagles; they spread them to the back, one at a time. Our chickens are one per cage and can stand and move around," Diemand said in defending his farm's practices.

In a YouTube video, Diemand explained how cages eliminate problems with cannibalism and hens crowding in corners. They also provide the birds with a clean space and access to fresh water and feed.

The measure was backed by The Humane Society of the United States. Unlike the expensive battle over Proposition 2, California's 2008 ballot measure on similar housing standards, agricultural groups did not pour an excessive amount of resources into the Massachusetts fight. According to state campaign finance disclosures, Forrest Lucas, an oil industry executive from Indiana who was on President-elect Donald Trump's short list for interior secretary, donated $195,000, and the National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) put in $100,000.

A statement from NPPC spokesman Dave Warner said, "NPPC is disappointed that a majority of Massachusetts citizens listened to the misinformation from well-funded animal activist groups and voted to tell farmers how to raise and care for their animals and to increase food prices for all Bay State residents."

 

Higher food prices

Massachusetts votes on livestock care

The Citizens for Food Tax Injustice — which pushed for "No on 3" in Massachusetts — estimates that passage of the initiative will drive up the cost of eggs by $95 million and the cost of pork by $154 million in the first year alone.

Consumers in California have seen higher egg prices since Prop 2 was passed in 2008; the cost of eggs in California jumped nearly 20% after passage. The Citizens for Food Tax Injustice said this price increase for eggs was almost 14 times higher than the inflation rate for other foods in California and 35 times higher than America's overall inflation rate.

Today, the price of eggs in California is 90% higher than the cost of eggs around the nation (Figure). Prior to the implementation of Prop 2 requirements, California's egg prices were only 16% higher than the national average.

Gregory said consumers already have a number of alternatives when it comes to choosing what type of eggs they wish to buy.

The Citizens for Food Tax Injustice noted that 90% of shoppers purchase regular or conventional eggs because that variety is more affordable. "The animal rights group behind Question 3 wants to eliminate the choices consumers are making 90% of the time," the organization said of the Massachusetts vote. "You are not making the choices these groups want you to make, so they're going to impose their will on you with this new law."

Gregory added, "The lack of a common standard will result in significant challenges for egg producers in addressing a patchwork of state laws and will contribute to higher costs for households and businesses that rely on eggs in their diets and products."

Volume:88 Issue:12

About the Author(s)

Jacqui Fatka

Policy editor, Farm Futures

Jacqui Fatka grew up on a diversified livestock and grain farm in southwest Iowa and graduated from Iowa State University with a bachelor’s degree in journalism and mass communications, with a minor in agriculture education, in 2003. She’s been writing for agricultural audiences ever since. In college, she interned with Wallaces Farmer and cultivated her love of ag policy during an internship with the Iowa Pork Producers Association, working in Sen. Chuck Grassley’s Capitol Hill press office. In 2003, she started full time for Farm Progress companies’ state and regional publications as the e-content editor, and became Farm Futures’ policy editor in 2004. A few years later, she began covering grain and biofuels markets for the weekly newspaper Feedstuffs. As the current policy editor for Farm Progress, she covers the ongoing developments in ag policy, trade, regulations and court rulings. Fatka also serves as the interim executive secretary-treasurer for the North American Agricultural Journalists. She lives on a small acreage in central Ohio with her husband and three children.

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