Late-summer/early-fall rally in commodity prices and government program payments boost producers' spirits.

November 3, 2020

3 Min Read
Ag Economy Barometer rises to record high
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The Purdue University/CME Group Ag Economy Barometer, which is based on survey responses from 400 U.S. agricultural producers, rose 27 points to a reading of 183 in October and set an all-time high for the index. The reading easily eclipsed the previous record high set in February, before the onset of the coronavirus pandemic.

Farmers were more optimistic about both the future and current financial situation on their farms, as the Current Conditions Index rose 36 points to a reading of 178 and the Future Expectations Index rose 23 points to a reading of 186.

"Since bottoming out this summer, the ag economy has rebounded sharply, and the dramatic improvement in sentiment reflects the turnaround in the farm income picture," said James Mintert, the barometer's principal investigator and director of the Purdue University Center for Commercial Agriculture.

Mintert was referring to a late-summer/early-fall rally in commodity prices, combined with government program payments arising from the second round of the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program (CFAP 2), which provided a boost to many producers' farm income. Corn and soybean prices continued to rally, even though U.S. corn yields are expected to set a record high and the U.S. Department of Agriculture projects soybean yields to be the fourth highest on record.

"Together, the combination of good yields, a rally in crop prices and CFAP 2 payments set the stage for an all-time-high in the barometer and farmer sentiment," Mintert said.

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That optimism was reflected in many ways. In comparing their farm's financial condition today to one year ago, 25% of survey respondents said their farm is better off financially now than at the same time last year. This was the most positive response from producers to this question in the history of the barometer survey.

The Farm Capital Investment Index also hit an all-time high in October, rising nine points from September to a reading 82. The percentage of producers expecting to increase their purchases of machinery in the upcoming year rose to 14%, up from 11% a month earlier and up from just 4% in May. Even more important, the percentage of respondents who plan to reduce their purchases in the next year was 33%, down from 40% in September.

The short-run outlook on farmland values also improved. Respondents expecting land values to rise over the next 12 months rose to 27%, up from 23% in September, while those expecting lower farmland values declined to 9% from 12%. There was also a big shift in sentiment in the October survey regarding 2021 cash rental rates for farmland. Nearly four out of 10 respondents (38%) said they expect cash rental rates to increase in 2021, which compares to just 8% of producers in the September survey expecting to see higher cash rental rates for farmland in 2021.

Producers also became more optimistic about trade with China, with 59% of respondents saying they expect to see China fulfill the food and agricultural import requirements outlined in the Phase One trade agreement with the U.S., compared with just 47% in September. When asked for their overall perspective on U.S. agricultural exports, the percentage of producers expecting exports to rise over the next five years increased to 65% in October, up from 58% in September.

Read the full Ag Economy Barometer report at https://purdue.ag/agbarometer.

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